Biography
Dr Maria M. Ttofi moved to the UK from Lefkosia, Cyprus. She is a Life Member of Clare Hall College. She also served as a Junior Research Fellow (2011-12) and a Title C Official Fellow (2012-17) at Wolfson College. She is interested in the development of antisocial behaviour, crime, and violence through the life course as well as factors that confer resilience against adversity. Earlier research has focused on highly aggressive and victimized children; the long-term impact of negative childhood experiences on mental health and offending behavior in adult life; and early prevention and intervention research against youth aggression, antisocial behaviour and victimization. Current research looks at the interplay between mental health and crime and in effective strategies for healthy reintegration of antisocial individuals in society.
For her contributions to psychological criminology and intervention research, she was awarded the 2009 Nigel Walker Prize (Cambridge University), 2012 Young Scholar Award of the European Association of Psychology and Law as well as the 2012 Early Career Award of the Alberti Center for Bullying Abuse Prevention at the University at Buffalo, State University of New York.
Previous post-doctoral fellowships and research projects have been supported by the Leverhulme Trust, the Newton Trust, the British Academy, the US National Institute of Justice, the Swedish National Council for Crime Prevention, and the Jacobs Foundation.
Maria is part of the Violence Research Centre.
Research
- Juvenile Delinquency
- Youth crime
- Juvenile Justice
- Violence/Antisocial Behaviour
- Victimisation
- Mental Health and Crime
Publications
Health and Crime
Reising, K., Farrington, D. P., Ttofi, M. M., Piquero, A. R., & Coid, J. W. (2019). Childhood risk factors for personality disorder symptoms related to violence. Aggression and Violent Behavior, Volume 49, Article 101315, online first
Reising, K., Ttofi, M. M., Farrington, D. P., & Piquero, A. R. (2019). Depression and anxiety outcomes of offending trajectories: A systematic review of prospective longitudinal studies. Journal of Criminal Justice, 62, 3-15.
Reising, K., Ttofi, M. M., Farrington, D. P., & Piquero, A. R. (2019). The impact of longitudinal offending trajectories on mental health: Lifetime consequences and intergenerational transfer. Journal of Criminal Justice, 62, 16-22.
Zych, I., Ttofi, M. M., & Farrington, D. P. (2019). Empathy and Callous-Unemotional Traits in Different Bullying Roles: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 20(1), 3-21.
Ttofi, M. M., Farrington, D. P., Lösel, F., Crago, R. V., & Theodorakis, N. (2016). School bullying and drug use later in life: A meta-analytic investigation. School Psychology Quarterly, 31, 1, 8-27.
Ttofi, M. M. (2015). Adolescent bullying linked to depression in early adulthood: Evidence supports early intervention. British Medical Journal, 350, h2694.
Valdebenito, S., Ttofi, MM, & Eisner, M. (2015). Prevalence rates of drug use among school bullies and victims: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 23, 137-146.
Farrington, D.P., Loeber, R., Stallings, R., & Ttofi, M.M. (2011). Bullying perpetration and victimization as predictors of delinquency and depression in the Pittsburgh Youth Study. Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research, 3 (2), 74-81.
Ttofi, M.M., Farrington, D.P., & Lösel, F. (2011). Editorial: Health consequences of school bullying. Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research, 3 (2), 60-62.
Ttofi, M.M., Farrington, D.P., Lösel, F., & Loeber, R. (2011). Do the victims of school bullies tend to become depressed later in life? A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research, 3 (2), 63-73.
Programme Evaluation and Crime Prevention
Gaffney, H., Farrington, D.P., Espelage, D.L., Ttofi, M.M. (2019). Are cyberbullying intervention and prevention programs effective? A systematic and meta-analytical review. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 45, 134 – 153.
Gaffney, H., Ttofi, M.M., & Farrington, D.P. (2019). Evaluating the effectiveness of school-bullying prevention programs: An updated meta-analysis. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 45, 111-133.
Gaffney, H., Ttofi, M.M., & Farrington, D.P. (2019). Evaluating the effectiveness of school-bullying prevention programs: An updated meta-analysis. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 45, 111-133.
Farrington, D. P., Gaffney, H., Lösel, F., & Ttofi, M. M. (2017). Systematic reviews of the effectiveness of developmental prevention programs in reducing delinquency, aggression, and bullying. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 33, 91-106.
Farrington, D. P., Gaffney, H., & Ttofi, M. M. (2017). Systematic reviews of explanatory risk factors for violence, offending, and delinquency. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 33, 24-36.
Ttofi, M.M & Farrington, D.P. (2012). Bullying prevention programs: The importance of peer intervention, disciplinary methods and age variations. Journal of Experimental Criminology, 8, 443-462.
Ttofi, M.M & Farrington, D.P. (2011). Effectiveness of school-based programs to reduce bullying: A systematic and meta-analytic review. Journal of Experimental Criminology, 7, 27-56.
Valdebenito, S., Eisner, M., Farrington, D. P., Ttofi, M. M., & Sutherland, A. (2018). School‐based interventions for reducing disciplinary school exclusion: a systematic review. Campbell Systematic Reviews, 14(1), i-216.
Valdebenito, S., Eisner, M., Farrington, D. P., Ttofi, M. M., & Sutherland, A. (2019). What can we do to reduce disciplinary school exclusion? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Experimental Criminology, 15(3), 253-287.
Theories and Crime
Farrington, D.P., & Ttofi, M.M. (2015). Developmental and Life-Course Theories of Offending. In J. Morizot & L. Kazemian (Eds) The Development of Criminal and Antisocial Behavior (pp. 19-38). New York: Springer International Publishing.
Theodorakis, N., Ttofi, M.M., & Farrington, D.P. (2016). Crime and Punishment in the United Kingdom. In. Jennings, W.G., Higgins, G.E., Maldonado-Molina, M., & Khey, D. (EdS). The Encyclopedia of Crime and Punishment (pp. 1-6). Malden: Wiley-Blackwell.
Farrington, D.P. & Ttofi, M.M. (2012). Developmental and Psychological Theories of Offending. In. G. Davies & A. Beech (Eds). Forensic Psychology: Crime, Justice, Law and Interventions (pp. 37 - 54). BPS Blackwell.
Ttofi, M.M & Farrington, D.P. (2010). School bullying: Risk factors, theories and interventions. In F. Brookman, M. Maguire, H. Pierpoint, & T.H. Bennett (Eds.), Handbook of Crime (pp. 427-457). Cullompton, Devon: Willan.
Ttofi, M.M. & Farrington, D. P. (2008) Bullying: short-term and long-term effects, and the importance of Defiance Theory in explanation and prevention. Victims and Offenders, 3 (2), 289-312.
Ttofi, M.M. & Farrington, D. P. (2008). Reintegrative shaming theory, moral emotions and bullying behavior. Aggressive Behavior, 34 (4), 352-368.
Resilience Research/Promoting well being
Mercer, N., Farrington, D. P., Ttofi, M. M., Keijsers, L., Branje, S., & Meeus, W. (2016). Childhood predictors and adult life success of adolescent delinquency abstainers. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 44, 613-624.
Farrington, D.P., Ttofi, M.M., & Piquero, A.R. (2016). Risk, promotive and protective factors in youth offending: Results from the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development. Journal of Criminal Justice, 45, 63-70.
Ttofi, M.M., Farrington, D.P., Piquero, A.R., & DeLisi, M. (2016). Editorial. Protective factors against offending and violence: Results from prospective longitudinal studies. Journal of Criminal Justice, 45, 1-3.
Ttofi, M.M., Farrington, D.P., Piquero, A.R., Lösel, F., DeLisi, M., & Murray, J. (2016). Intelligence as a protective factor against offending: A meta-analytic review of prospective longitudinal studies. Journal of Criminal Justice, 45, 4-18.
Ttofi, M.M. & Farrington, D.P. (2016). What factors protect adolescent bullies from developing into criminal and violent offenders? In Kapardis, A. & Farrington, D.P. (Eds.), The Psychology of Crime, Policing and Courts (pp. 44-56). London: Routledge.
Ttofi, M.M., Bowes, L., Farrington, D.P., & Lösel, F. (2014). Protective factors that interrupt the continuity from school bullying to later internalizing and externalizing problems: A systematic review of prospective longitudinal studies. Journal of School Violence, 13, 5-38.
Ttofi, M.M., Farrington, D.P., & Lösel, F. (2014). Interrupting the continuity from school bullying to later internalizing and externalizing problems: Findings from cross-national comparative studies. Journal of School Violence, 13, 1-4.
Ttofi, M.M & Farrington, D.P. (2012). Risk and protective factors, longitudinal research and bullying prevention. New Directions for Youth Development, 133, 85-98.
Youth Violence/Juvenile Delinquency
Zych, I., Ttofi, M. M., Llorent, V. J., Farrington, D. P., Ribeaud, D., & Eisner, M. P. (2020). A longitudinal study on stability and transitions among bullying roles. Child Development, 91, 527–545
Valdebenito, S., Ttofi, M. M., Eisner, M., & Gaffney, H. (2017). Weapon carrying in and out of school among pure bullies, pure victims and bully-victims: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 33, 62-77.
Ttofi, M.M., Farrington, D.P., & Lösel, F. (2012). School bullying as a predictor of violence later in life: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective longitudinal studies. Aggression and Violent Behaviour, 17, 405-418.
Reprinted in Spanish as: Ttofi, M.M., Farrington, D.P., & Lösel, F. (2012). School bullying as a predictor of offending and violence in later life: A systematic review of prospective longitudinal studies. In. Bernal, A.O., Jimenez, S.Y., & Smith, P.K. (Eds.), School bullying and violence: International Perspectives. Madrid, Spain: Biblioteca Nueva.
Farrington, D.P. & Ttofi, M.M. (2011). Bullying as a predictor of offending, violence and later life outcomes. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 21, 90-98.
Farrington, D.P., Ttofi, M.M., & Lösel, F. (2011). Editorial: School bullying and later offending. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 21, 77-79.
Ttofi, M.M., Farrington, D.P., Lösel, F., & Loeber, R. (2011). The predictive efficiency of school bullying versus later offending: A systematic/meta-analytic review of longitudinal studies. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 21, 80-89.
Externalising/Antisocial Behaviour
Farrington, D. P., & Ttofi, M. M. (2020). Advancing Knowledge about Youth Violence: Child Maltreatment, Bullying, Dating Violence, and Intimate Partner Violence. Journal of Family Violence, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-020-00189-7
Farrington, D. P., Ttofi, M. M., & Crago, R. V. (2017). Intergenerational transmission of convictions for different types of offenses. Victims & Offenders, 12(1), 1-20.
Jennings, W. G., Piquero, A. R., Farrington, D. P., Ttofi, M. M., Crago, R. V., & Theobald, D. (2016). The intersections of drug use continuity with nonviolent offending and involvement in violence over the life course: Findings from the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development. Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice, 14, 95-109.
Theobald, D., Farrington, D.P., Ttofi, M.M., Crago, B. (2016). Risk factors for dating violence versus cohabiting violence: Results from the third generation of the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 26, 229-239.
Farrington, D. P., Ttofi, M. M., Crago, R. V., & Coid, J. W. (2015). Intergenerational Similarities in Risk Factors for Offending. Journal of Developmental and Life-Course Criminology, 1(1), 48-62.
Farrington, D. P., Ttofi, M. M., Crago, R. V., & Coid, J. W. (2014). Prevalence, frequency, onset, desistance and criminal career duration in self-reports compared with official records. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 24(4), 241-253.
Farrington, D.P. & Ttofi, M.M. (2014). Editorial: Criminal careers in self-reports compared with official records. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 24, 225-228.
Farrington, D.P., Ttofi, M.M., & Coid, J.W. (2009). Development of adolescence-limited, late-onset, and persistent offenders from age 8 to age 48. Aggressive Behavior, 35, 150-163.
EDITORIAL WORK
2019
Crime and Mental Health: Results from Prospective Longitudinal Studies; Edited volume of Journal of Criminal Justice (Guest editors: Ttofi, M.M., Piquero, A.R., Farrington, D.P., & McGee, T.R.); volume 62
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/journal-of-criminal-justice/vol/62
2016
Protective Factors against Youth Offending and Violence; Edited volume for the Journal of Criminal Justice (Guest Editors: Ttofi, M.M., Farrington, D.P., Piquero, A.R., & DeLisi, M.); volume 45
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/journal-of-criminal-justice/vol/45
2014
Criminal Careers in Self-Reports compared with Criminal Records; Edited volume for the Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health (Guest Editors: Farrington, D.P. & Ttofi, M.M.); volume 24
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/14712857/2014/24/4
2014
Protective Factors that Interrupt the Continuity from School Bullying to Later Adverse Outcomes; Edited volume for the Journal of School Violence (Guest Editors: Ttofi, M.M., Farrington, D.P., & Lösel, F.); volume 13
https://www.tandfonline.com/toc/wjsv20/13/1?nav=tocList
2011
Criminal Outcomes of School Bullying; Edited volume for the Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health (Guest Editors: Ttofi, M.M., Farrington, D.P., & Lösel, F.); volume 21
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/14712857/2011/21/2
2011
Health Consequences of School Bullying; Edited volume for the Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research (Guest Editors: Ttofi, M.M., Farrington, D.P., & Lösel, F.); volume 3
https://www.emerald.com/insight/publication/issn/1759-6599/vol/3/iss/2
Books
Zych, I., Farrington, D. P., Llorent, V. J., & Ttofi, M. M. (2017). Protecting Children Against Bullying and Its Consequences. Springer.
Other Miscellaneous Publications
Farrington, D.P., Ttofi, M.M., & Lösel, F. (2016). Developmental and Social Prevention. In. Weisburd, D., Farrington, D.P., & Gill, C. (Eds.), What Works in Crime Prevention and Rehabilitation: Lessons from Systematic Reviews (pp. 15-76). New York: Springer Series on Evidence-Base Crime Policy.
Ttofi, M.M., Eisner, M., & Bradshaw, C.P. (2014). Bullying prevention: Assessing existing meta-evaluations. In G. Bruinsma & D. Weisburd (Eds.). Encyclopaedia of Criminology and Criminal Justice (pp. 231-242). Springer: New York.
Farrington, D.P., Loeber, R., & Ttofi, M.M. (2012). Risk and protective factors for offending. In B.C. Welsh & D.P. Farrington (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of crime prevention (pp. 46 - 69). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Ttofi, M.M. & Smith, P. (2012). Risk and protective factors in the assessment of school bullies and victims: Implications for future prevention research. In Loeber, R. & Welsh, B. (Eds.), The future of criminology (pp. 79-84). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Farrington, D.P. & Ttofi, M.M. (2011). Protective and promotive factors in the development of offending. In T. Bliesener, A. Beelman, & M. Stemmler (Eds.), Antisocial behaviour and crime: Contributions of theory and evaluation research to prevention and intervention (pp. 71-88). Cambridge, Mass: Hogrefe Publishing.
Farrington, D.P. & Ttofi, M.M. (2009).School-based programs to reduce bullying and victimization. Campbell Systematic Reviews, 2009:6.
Ttofi, M.M., Farrington, D.P., & Baldry, A.C. (2008). Effectiveness of programs to reduce school bullying: A systematic review. Stockholm: Swedish National Council for Crime Prevention (ISBN: 978-91-86027-11-7).
Invited Presentations and Keynote Lectures
Ttofi M.M. Evaluations of interventions against aggression, cyber-aggression and teacher victimization. Invited Seminar, Police Academy, Slovenia, October 19, 2018
Ttofi, M.M. Long-term effects of school bullying in adult life: Implications for health and crime prevention initiatives. Keynote speech at the World Congress on School Violence, Lima, Peru, May 22, 2015
Ttofi, M.M. Long-term effects of school bullying in adult life: Implications for health and crime prevention initiatives. Public Seminar at the Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway University of London, April 15, 2015
Ttofi, M.M. School-Based Crime Prevention: A public health initiative. Public Seminar at the Department of Health Sciences, University of York, October 22, 2014.
Ttofi, M.M. Effective interventions with aggressive youth as a form of adult crime prevention. Invited Seminar, Network against Youth Violence, Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Cyprus, March 20, 2014.
Ttofi, M.M. Bullying, delinquency and resilience. Keynote speech at the Danish Crime Prevention Day, April 8, 2014.
Ttofi, M.M. Interrupting the continuity from school bullying to adverse outcomes in adult life. Public Seminar at the Alberti Center for Bullying Abuse Prevention, University at Buffalo, November 18, 2013.
Ttofi, M.M. School bullying as a crime. Public Seminar, Rotary Club, Cambridge, April 16, 2013.
Farrington, D.P. & Ttofi, M.M. Systematic reviews of the effectiveness of developmental prevention: What have we learned? Conference on "What has been learned from systematic reviews in criminology". The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, April 30, 2012.
Ttofi, M.M. School bullying and externalizing problems later in life. "Tackling Bullying Ten Years On" Invited seminar, Anti-Bullying Alliance, Hallam Conference Centre, London, October 4, 2012.
Ttofi, M.M. School bullying and crime later in life: A systematic review of longitudinal studies. Expert testimony given at an All-Party Parliamentary Meeting on Bullying, chaired by Baroness Sal Brinton and MP Barry Sheerman, Westminster, November 26, 2012.
Ttofi, M.M. What factors protect adolescent bullies from developing into criminal offenders? Invited seminar at the Jacobs Foundation Conference on "Adolescence: Explanation and self-regulation of the Unknown". Marbach Castle, Germany, April 7, 2011.
Farrington, D.P. & Ttofi, M.M. Effective methods to reduce school bullying. Invited seminar, Ministry of Education and Culture, Oslo Norway, April 8, 2010 (both authors presented).
Farrington, D.P. & Ttofi M.M. Future adverse outcomes of school bullying and the necessity of bullying prevention. Plenary speech at the 32nd Annual Conference of the International School Psychology Association, Dublin, Ireland, July 20, 2010 (both authors presented).
Farrington D.P. & Ttofi, M.M. Effective methods to reduce school bullying. Plenary paper given at European Crime Prevention Network Best Practice Conference, Stockholm, Sweden, December 9, 2009 (both authors presented).
Teaching and Supervisions
Courses:
- Research Methods
- Criminological and Legal Psychology
- Programme Evaluation and Crime Prevention
- Victims and Injustice
- Crime and Criminal Justice (undergraduate)
- Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis
Ph.D. Supervision
Maria would be keen to supervise PhD students interested in the interplay between psychology and crime, including issues of family, school and social factors related to juvenile delinquency and youth offending; youth aggression and victimization; criminal careers; crime and health. Students wishing to get in contact informally in order to discuss potential research ideas are welcome to email her, with a brief CV and a short research proposal. I mainly supervise doctoral theses that use a quantitative approach and a mixed-methods approach.
Current PhD Students
- Rebecca Raffan-Gowar
Cost-benefit analyses of crime prevention programmes - Hannah Gaffney
What works in Cyber Bullying Intervention and Prevention? Exploring effective intervention/prevention strategies and neglected risk factors. - Kim Reising
Crime and Health: Long-term bidirectional and intergenerational effects between mental/physical health and offending behavior - Bomin Lee
Grandparenting and grandchild antisocial behaviour: Intergenerational transmission of family factors and problem behaviour - Guy Skinner
Mental Health and Offending: Inter-Generational Relationships and Comparability between GP-reported and Self-Reported Data in the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development
